Understanding Age Spots (Also Known as Liver Spots)
Summary: Age spots, often referred to as liver spots, sunspots, or solar lentigines, are small, flat, darkened patches of skin. They typically appear on sun-exposed areas like the face, hands, shoulders, and arms, and are more prevalent in adults over 50, though they can occur in younger individuals with significant sun exposure.
Characteristics:
- Flat, oval sections of darker skin
- Generally tan to dark brown in color
- Found on skin frequently exposed to sunlight, such as hands, feet, face, shoulders, and upper back
- Vary in size from small freckles to about half an inch across
- May cluster together, becoming more prominent
Medical Attention: While age spots are usually harmless and don’t necessitate medical treatment, it’s important to consult a doctor for spots that are black, enlarging, irregularly shaped, multicolored, bleeding, or have changed in appearance, as these could indicate melanoma, a severe type of skin cancer.
Causes: Age spots develop due to hyperactive pigment cells. Sun exposure accelerates melanin production, leading to the formation of age spots where melanin is concentrated or aggregated. Tanning beds and lamps can also contribute to their development.
Risk Factors: Individuals with lighter skin or those with a history of intense sun exposure or sunburns are at a higher risk of developing age spots.
Prevention: To prevent age spots or prevent new ones post-treatment:
- Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.
- Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher 15 to 30 minutes before going outside, reapplying every two hours, or more frequently if swimming or sweating.
- Wear protective clothing, including tightly woven fabrics that cover your arms and legs, and a wide-brimmed hat for better protection than a baseball cap or visor.
- Opt for clothing with a UPF of 40 to 50 for optimal sun protection.
